Leo reminded the faithful that "the power with which Christ rose is entirely nonviolent."
"In the light of Easter, let us allow ourselves to be amazed by Christ," he said. "Let us allow our hearts transformed by his immense love for us. Let those with weapons lay them down. Let those who have the power to unleash wars choose peace. Not a peace imposed by force, but through dialogue. Not through a desire to dominate others, but to encounter them."
Leo also invoked what he said were the final words that Pope Francis issued to the world from the same balcony one year ago, during which the late pontiff warned of a "globalization of indifference."
"What a great thirst for death, for killing we witness each day in the many conflicts raging in different parts of the world," Leo said, quoting Francis.
Leo concluded the blessing by wishing everyone a happy Easter in 10 different languages and singing the Regina Ceoli.
Leo earlier held his first Easter Mass as pope, in which he called for the faithful to exercise hope against "the violence of war that kills and destroys,’’ adding that in the face of conflicts spreading around the world, "we need this song of hope today."
Leo has repeatedly called for a halt in hostilities as the U.S.-Israeli war on Iran enters its second month and Russia continues its violent campaign in Ukraine.
Fox News' Courtney Walsh contributed to this report.